A curious, but not surprising, rise in challenging books in our schools has occurred recently. While most of these books are not mandatory reading in any class, isolated portions of these books are often deemed offensive by some concerned stakeholders who desire to have them removed from library shelves. It comes as no shock that many of these books are YA LGTBQ books. 

There is an ever pervasive misnomer that LGTBQ books are about sex, and not about identity. While some YA LGTBQ books, just like YA straight books, do contain an appropriate sexual exploration content, most titles center the story around identity and not any sexual act. But the muddling of identity and sexual acts by those who challenge these books is concerning as it may lead to erasing representation. Young readers need to not only see themselves represented in books, but all young readers need to read about people different from themselves to foster acceptance and understanding.

While the continued increase in YA LGTBQ published titles yearly is encouraging, there is a nuance that needs to be considered. Roughly 50% of all YA LGTBQ published books are centered around white, cis gendered, gay males. That number is concerning as the majority of YA LGTBQ titles seem to solely focus on one letter in the acronym of the community, along with one race. 

YA books published with a lesbian protagonist only account for approximately 25% of all YA LGTBQ titles. It begs the question; why the lack of diversity in race and gender in YA LGTBQ publishing? This could be attributed to the fact that the publishing industry workforce is comprised of almost 75% white, straight, cis gendered females. While this workforce may have led to a disproportionate focus on one letter of the LGTBQ community there is something to celebrate. In the last few years, a growing number of books that have a lesbian protagonist have not only included a much needed diversity in gender and race, but they have also transcended genre as well. In today’s post, we have focused on 6 noteworthy titles. ​

Radio Silence by Alice Osman centers on Frances, a high-achieving student in the United Kingdom obsessed with her academic success and Universe City, a science fiction podcast. She befriends Aled, a shy student, who also is the elusive creator of Universe City. When Aled asks Frances to illustrate his podcast, the two form a deep - platonic - relationship. Surrounded by other friends who are all struggling in a high-pressure education system, these characters discover that one’s true self is not defined by good grades, family expectations, or societal norms. 

Regarding LGBTQ representation, the five main characters identify as bisexual, lesbian, gay, pansexual, and demisexual. What is endearing about this novel is that it does not focus on a romantic relationship. Instead, it centers on a friendship between a boy and a girl who do not fall in love, but share a powerful connection. Regarding diversity, the characters are mixed race, White, and Korean. This may be one of the most diverse casts of characters in contemporary YA literature. 
​

Girls Made of Snow and Glass by Melissa Bashardoust is a feminist re-telling of “Snow White.” Set in a dark, fairy-tale world, the novel is told from the alternating perspectives of Princess Lynet (Snow White) and Mina (Lynet’s stepmother). Mina’s heart is replaced with glass, making her wonder if she is capable of feeling love. Princess Lynet is made from snow, making her wonder if she can feel human. Enter missionary.lds.org/clothing ​Nadia, the young court surgeon, whose friendship with Lynet evolves into a romantic relationship. Some familiar plot points are woven together with fresh twists. Ultimately, this is not a tale, but a portrayal of strong women who refute their fates and save themselves and one another.

For anyone tired of damsels in distress, this novel is refreshing. For any girl who has been told her worth lies in her physical appearance or in being “delicate,” these characters are empowering. Regarding LGBTQ representation, the romance between Lynet and Nadia, though sweet, plays a minor role. Instead, the novel predominantly focuses on family relationships, whether those families are forged in blood, through magic, or are found.
​

I have been reading detective fiction for as long as I can remember. It probably started with a Nancy Drew or a Hardy Boys novel. I read a lot of detective series from the light hearted and playful Alphabet series by Sue Grafton and the number series by Janet Evanovich to the darker novels in the Dragon Tattoo Trilogy by Stieg Larsson.

I breezed through the likes of Raymond Chandler, Graham Greene, Dashiell Hammett, and Ross Macdonald before moving on to more contemporary authors like Michael Connelly, Robert Crais, Tony Hillerman, Linda Barnes, J. A. Jance, Ed McBain (Evan Hunter), Robert B Parker, Sara Paretsky and Lawrence Block.

Some readers might quibble with some the authors I label as “old” and those that are “new,” nevertheless I still look for new work from likes of Marcia Muller and Bill Pronzini as if I just heard of them yesterday.

There are others I read and I am sure that I have missed many favorite authors that many readers of this blog enjoy. Clearly,my favorite sub classification in the larger suspense/mystery genre is the private sleuth or the detective novel. 
I know that others favor the closed room or the isolated cabin version of the suspense novel and other seek out the inhertors of Agatha Christie or Arthur Conan Doyle, more power to them. There are plenty of authors and books to match everyone interests.

Young Adult Literature certainly has it's share of suspense novels. Some go to the early years of YA with Mel Glenn's Who Killed Mr. Chippendale. Some of my more recent favorites are Ellen Whittinger's Local Girl Swept Away, E. Lockhart's We Were Liars, and Marieke Nijkamp's Even if We Break.  Of course, there are many, many books that have a mystery, that have us wondering who did it, or ask us to consider how things will fall apart before there is a resolution.

We don't want to discount all of the dystopian, fantasy, and science fiction novels that have a problem or a mystery to consider. Yet, the realistic suspense/mystery novel set in worlds we instantly recognize is a unique breed. Perhaps this novels don't get enough attention in our YA literature courses, our classrooms, or, frankly, on our award lists.

Right now, Karen M. McManus has hit the publishing world by storm since 2017. Since I first read One of Us is Lying, I anxiously await news about her next book. I have never been disappointed. Karen's books are fantastic and will remind people of some of the best novelist writing suspense and mystery books for any age bracket. Just think of somebody you love to read and then if you haven't read it a book by Karen yet, pick one of her books and give it a try.  In a short period of time, you understand what a talented writer she is and why her books are selling not just in the United State, but all over the world in a myriad languages. 

No wonder Peacock has turned One of Us is Lying into an original drama. I highly recommend that you check it out.

Until next time.

Mirror Worlds and Hurricanes: Exploring Darcie Little Badger by Sheila Benson

Last year at the ALAN workshop, I received Darcie Little Badger’s debut novel, Elatsoe, in my book box. There was a LOT of buzz during workshop sessions about her work, as well as about other Native American authors’ work, including Firekeeper’s Daughter by Angeline Boulley, The Marrow Thieves by Cherie Dimaline, and Apple: (Skin to the Core) by Eric Gansworth.

I settled in to read, and wow, what a ride! Indigenous futurism? Please give me more!

And she has. This week’s YA Wednesday focuses on Darcie Little Badger’s second book, A Snake Falls to Earth, published by Levine Querido press and just released in October (I read an ARC). This novel features Nina, a Lipan girl in our modern-day world, and Oli, a cottonmouth boy in a mirror world where human form is a false form and animal form is residents’ true form.

The novel opens with nine-year-old Nina at her great-grandmother Rosita’s hospital bed. Everyone else has left for lunch, and Nina does not speak any of the languages Rosita speaks, including the one she uses to suddenly start sharing an essential story, a story she wants to be sure Nina remembers. Too bad Nina’s translation app on her phone can only decipher Spanish. Nina knows this story matters, but it takes her until she’s 16 to understand why.

Meanwhile, in the mirror world (cue whatever transition music you’d like to hear in your head), Oli is the last of his nine cottonmouth siblings to strike out on his own—or more accurately, to be driven out into the larger world by his mother. (It’s part of his journey to adulthood.) She sends him off with a special blanket she has woven—a blanket which is stolen shortly afterwards when Oli makes the first of many, many mistakes as a newly independent cottonmouth out in the world. Oli wants that blanket back, but he eventually gives up and just keeps moving along, unwittingly headed to the path to anywhere-you-please, encounters with several monsters (including a giant catfish), and eventually crossing into Nina’s world.

Here's where things get complicated—complicated in an interesting way. On Nina’s side of things, Rosita has long passed on, but that final story lingers in Nina’s mind. When she’s 13, she starts a school project about Lipan Apache stories and becomes active on a storytelling social media site called St0ryte11er. Nina eventually decides that she needs to go to her grandmother’s house (Rosita’s daughter) with her dad; neither adult has any idea what Nina actually plans to do.

See, here’s the complicated part: Nina has discovered the mirror world as she has delved into Lipan Apache stories. She’s pretty sure a well on her grandmother’s property is a gateway to that mirror world, and she’s also pretty sure that animal people cross over regularly, including for visits to her father’s bookstore. (Books, by the way, are a hot commodity in the mirror world, even though they disappear after a few days if animal people don’t translate them into their own materials right away. The coyotes have a giant translation workshop.)

Nina thinks she’s the only one who knows about the mirror world. Turns out she isn’t. Enter creepy new neighbor Paul, who at best is the world’s most annoying, litigation-happy neighbor and at worst . . .? Well, that becomes clear near the end of the book.

Oli, who’s managed to escape several monster attacks, has made some friends in his new home: coyote twins Risk and Reign, a hawk named Brightest, and a toad named Ami. A few adversaries appear as well, most notably a bear bounty hunter (whose fee is lunch) and a mockingbird who wreaks havoc throughout the rest of the novel. 

Another important fact: when any animal is endangered in Nina’s world, the parallel animal people become sick and eventually die (it happened to the bison people). When Ami suddenly collapses, Oli and his friends decide to cross worlds to save Earth toads so Ami can survive. 

Guess where the cross-over point is? And who’s there to meet them? (Hint: not Paul.)

Oh yes—and there’s a hurricane headed for Grandma’s house. And because she’s tied to the land, she can’t leave without having heart problems.

Enough with plot. The plot is engaging, but that’s not the best part of the novel, at least not for me. I love all the storytelling that happens throughout the chapters, especially on Oli’s end. I’m a sucker for stories (aren’t we all?), and these are stories I haven’t heard, all from Lipan Apache culture. Darcie Little Badger has a lot of fun figuring out the animal people personalities and what their false human forms look like. Reign, for example, is a fashion designer and recruits Oli as a fashion model for her new clothing line at one point, and the bear bounty hunter is just plain funny.

I do feel that some plot threads weren’t quite tied up by the end of the novel, but as I said above, plot is not the most important part of the novel. The star is the storytelling. I occasionally felt disoriented, but it was a good kind of disorientation, a figuring-out-how-things-work kind of disorientation. I finished this book wishing that there was a mirror world I could peek into, some animal people I could meet. Maybe I should pay closer attention to whoever stands next to me the next time I’m in a bookstore.

You can learn more about Darcie Little Badger and her work here: https://darcielittlebadger.wordpress.com/about/. Happy reading!

Once again we have Patricia Dunn as a guest contributor on Dr. Bickmore's YA Wednesday. Patricia's first post was several years ago when she wrote about Disability-Themed YA Literature: Questioning Our Choices, Questioning Our Questions. For my money, Patricia is one of the greatest conversationalists I know. What of the worst parts of not having NCTE face to face the missed opportunity to meet Patricia for a lunch or dinner. Thank goodness I have this wonderful post to lean on. I already have some questions and conversation points for our next conversation.

What holds her back and causes her both physical and emotional falls, however, is not the high-tech metal machine that she must control with her brain. It is the pitying looks and comments from individuals that make her feel less valued: ​

Though many novels, plays, myths, and fairy tales through the centuries include characters with disabilities, those characters are frequently merely tools for the plot or metaphors for something--what David T. Mitchell and Sharon L. Snyder call “narrative prosthesis.” Or those characters are made to seem evil, pitiable, monstrous, infantilized, super-human, or othered in various ways. As Jay Dolmage has pointed out, such characters are often cured or dead by the end, leaving readers with the harmful message that there is no place in society for people with disabilities. (See my YA Wednesday blog on that topic.)

What’s refreshing about “The Falling Marionette” is the way Rossman gets readers with or without disabilities to identify with Cass, to hear the cruel, ableist remarks the way she does, and to show how deeply they affect her confidence and identity. We also get to see at the end [Spoiler Alert] what happens when she falls physically, but because she is not pitied, she “wasn’t falling anymore” emotionally. ​

​

Until next time.

I love exploring books by debut authors. A few weeks ago I got my hands on new SoHo Teen novel, The Reckless Kind, by Carly Heath. Fortunately, Both Gretchen and I were able to contact Carly and, with a little bit of planning across time zones, we were able to conduct and interview.

First, Carly's book is wonderful. Second, it has so many things going for it is a bit hard to lock it down into one category of fiction. It is, without question, historical fiction. It is also set in a foreign country, Norway in 1904. On top of that, it is a book about friendship, family, LGTBQ issues, animals, and struggling with illnesses and various forms of physical limitations. 

The best thing to do is listen to the interview. Carly provides some wonderful information and we have an enlightening discussion. 

It is a Monday Motivator for us because this a book you can share with students. We also hope that you use this as a reminder to checkout the other authors interviews that are available on Dr. Bickmore's YA Wednesday YouTube channel.

Another bonus for teachers and readers is that The Reckless Kind is a perfect book for avid readers and for AP Students. 

You can follow Carly on Twitter here and on Instagram here.

Until next time.

I don't visit classrooms as much as I would like. But to day I get to visit two 8th grade ELA classes in which the teacher has created an environment of choice, self-regulation, and project based learning. He asked if I would take a few minutes to suggest a few books.

I decided to introduce 20 authors in 20 minutes. I hope I can do it. I decided to pick 10 males and 10 female authors. I also decided each author had to have at least 3 books (some have many more). I also tried to pick both old and new authors. I also wanted to pick authors that matched the diversity of the students in the school. This includes White, African American, and LatinX students. I also wanted to pick some that might appeal to the reluctant reader as well as a couple that might attract a more experienced reader.

Sure, there are many others that might be included. As soon as I landed on these authors, 20 more came to mind. All in all this is a set of authors that I would hope to see in a classroom library. I would love to chat with students about these authors and their books. 

​Let's hope it goes well.

Until Next Time.

Without question, Lesley Roessing is our most prolific contributor. She is also generous with her time and her knowledge of middle grades and young adult literature. When she picks a topic, she is not content with just a few suggestions, but often selects 20 books or more. 

Her posts are perfect as a Monday Motivator. Teachers can start their class by giving several book talks from Lesley's list or they can allow student to browse the blog post if their students have access to the internet on digital devices. 

Once again, Lesley has over twenty different posts! All of them would be useful as a Monday Motivator that can be used on any day of the week. Make sure to browse the Contributor's page and bookmark several of Lesley's posts for easy access.

Psychologists define resilience as the process of adapting well in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats, or significant sources of stress—such as family and relationship problems, physical or mental health problems, or school, workplace, and financial stressors. (APA.org) According to the Center for the Developing Child at Harvard, one way to understand the development of resilience is to visualize a balance scale or seesaw. Protective experiences and coping skills on one side counterbalance significant adversity on the other. Resilience is evident when a child’s health and development tips toward positive outcomes—even when a heavy load of factors is stacked on the negative outcome side.
 
Life has always presented challenges to children and adolescents. I don’t know if the types of challenges have changed, if more children are affected by difficulties, or if we are more aware of the challenges our young people are facing, such as bullying, poverty, homelessness, immigration, mental illness, neurodiversity, physical differences, gender identification, loss, abuse, prejudice and discrimination, parent incarceration, parenthood, and even disease and natural disasters. However, medical groups have said the coronavirus pandemic has worsened a mental health crisis among children and teenagers (nytimes.com/2021/10/19). Sometimes strength and resilience are revealed through having the confidence to be ourselves and sometimes by having the courage to transform ourselves into the persons we know we could be.
 
As I have mentioned in many of my writings about literature, readers need to recognize themselves and see their lives reflected in books to realize that they are not alone and their problems are not unique. Readers can also see story and characters’ decisions as maps to help them navigate life. Just as important are books that cause readers to experience the lives of those they may see as ”others” in order to develop empathy and respect for their peers and to catch glimpses into the lives of children they may not personally encounter or those who are “hiding in plain sight.” The value of books, such as those listed and reviewed here, is to generate important conversations; adolescents are more willingly discuss characters and how characters handle, or mishandle, conflicts and personal issues than discuss themselves, their difficulties and concerns, and their actions and decisions. In this way, books can also serve as bibliotherapy.
 
As an update to my September 2019 guest-blog “25 Strong Boys in MG/YA Literature (Plus 5 Strong Girl-Boy Partnerships)”, I review 26 more novels/memoirs written by diverse authors, featuring resilient characters who collectively face a variety of challenges. These boys display strength of many kinds, sometimes with the assistance and support of others.
 
I also took the opportunity to ask some of the authors why or how they created and wrote about the male characters in their novels and why they wrote about the challenges that their male characters face.
 
                                                                                •                       •                       •

JUNK BOY by Tony Abbott
Junk Boy introduces reads to two teen outliers, two dysfunctional families, two stories which become intertwined.
 
there is no putting
a tree back up after
it’s broken
and fallen
in a storm
 
maybe with us
with people
it’s different (336)
 
Bobby Lang, nicknamed Junk by the bullies at school because he lives in a place that has become a junkyard, spends his time flying under the radar, eyes down, not speaking. His father is drunk, abusive, unemployed, and listens to sad country songs; his mother left when he was a baby is, according to his father, is dead. Bobby has no self-confidence and little self-worth but then he meets Rachel, a talented artist who sees something else in him.
 
her eyes could
somehow see a me
that is more me
than I am
 
that is so weirdly more
so better than
actual
me (273-4)
 
But Rachel has her own family problems. Her father has just moved out and her physically-abusive mother wants the local priest to “reformat” Rachel who is gay.
 
As Rachel moves in and out of Bobby’s life, her need helps him figure out
 
what was I going to
say
do
be? (274)
 
And what he is, or becomes, is a rescuer and protector, a savior. As Father Percy tells him, “It’s what she found in you…” (352)
 
Reading Tony Abbott’s first verse novel, I felt like I was watching a movie unfold as I followed the protagonist on his hero’s journey. 

MARIO’S NOTEBOOK by Mary Atkinson
 
Traditionally, the United States has long been the global leader in resettling refugees, strictly defined as people forced to flee their home country to escape war, persecution or violence. (https://www.smithsonianmag.com) The number of refugee children has increased over the past decade. With approximately 350 refugee resettlement agencies spread throughout nearly all 50 states, refugee children can be found in classrooms throughout the country. Together with immigrants, these newcomer children make up one in five children in the U.S. (https://brycs.org)
 
Many children look around their classrooms and wonder, Who are these kids and why are they here?  Some parrot opinions heard from the adults in their lives—both positive and negative.
 
Mario, a survivor of the Salvadoran Civil War of the 1980s, was one of those newcomers. Mario witnessed his father, a journalist, being taken away from their home. “All I can do is watch. Watch as the soldiers blindfold Papa. Watch as they shove him out the door. Watch as Mama collapses to the floor.” (21) He later learns of the death of his father, killed by the soldiers.
 
Mario with his mother and younger brother are smuggled to the United States where they are given an apartment, food, clothes, and toys, and Mario wonders, “Will anything in my life ever feel right?” (44)  Mario is enrolled in fifth grade where all the children accept him, especially twins William and LaShaunda, except for the class bully Randall. When discussing an article on deportation in social studies class, Randall has no trouble sharing his opinions. “My father says people like this should go back to their own countries. We didn’t ask them to come here.” (83)
And after a small incident in his father’s store, Randall threatens Mario and his family. “My father could get you kicked out of the country, you know.” (79) 
 
Mario struggles with feelings of betrayal by his father’s political articles, actions which led to their current situation. When he finally has the courage to read the notebook his father left him—and the article his father signaled him to pull from the typewriter the night he was taken—he reaches understanding of his father’s heroism and the importance of letting the world know of the war, persecution, and violence occurring in his country.
 
Mary Atkinson’s short novel is not only a good story with engaging, well-developed characters,  can serve as an effective tool for generating important conversations about refugee admissions and resettlement and the importance of opening our hearts (and our borders).

ISAIAH DUNN IS MY HERO by Kelly J. Baptist

• Fact: An estimated 1 out of 14 children in the U.S. will experience the death of a parent or sibling before they reach the age of 18; one out of every 20 children aged fifteen and younger will suffer the loss of one or both parents.
• Fact: The number of homeless students enrolled in public school districts and reported by state educational agencies during school year 2017-18 was 1,508,265. This number does not reflect the totality of children and youth experiencing homelessness, as it only includes those students who are enrolled in public school districts or local educational agencies.
• Fact: In many cases these two facts may be related.
• Statistically these children are hiding in plain sight in our classrooms. Some of them are our students and others are our students’ friends. Readers need to see their lives and the lives of their classmates reflected in story to feel heard and valued and to gain empathy for others.

Isaiah Dunn was one of these children. After his father died suddenly of a heart attack, his mother, too depressed to work, took her solace in bottles. “But I do think. About how the world can be good and happy for one person, but bad and sad for somebody else. And how everything can change in just one minute…like it did for me, Mama, Daddy, and Charlie.” (21) Fifth-grader Isaiah, his mother, and his 4-year-old sister Charlise lost their apartment and moved into the “Smokey Inn,” which is how Isaiah refers to their motel. But they then lost even that, living in their car until they were rescued by a former neighbor.

“Every day Mrs. Fisher writes a sentence on the board, and we have a few minutes to write something about it. Today she wrote, ‘My world is a good and happy place.” (21)…I keep my workbook closed, too, cuz there’s no way I’m writing and words about being safe and happy.” (23) And a few days later, “I wanna tell Mrs. Fisher there’s no way I’m writing about ‘my favorite room in my house’.”(55)

But Isaiah does have his father’s notebook of stories of the superhero Isaiah Dunn which he reads slowly and savors, and he has a love of words, a talent for writing poems, and the goal of making enough money somehow to move his family into a house. He truly wants to be Isaiah Dunn, Superhero. But life is tough, and young adolescent lives are complicated under the best of circumstances. The reader follows Isaiah’s year as he navigates changing relationships with classmates and faces his own grief, attempting to hold his family together, and we cheer him on as he creates a lasting tribute to his father’s memory.
​
Isaiah Dunn’s story began in the short story anthology Flying Lessons, and author Kelly Baptist develops this engaging character in this first novel which I devoured in one day and a small box of tissues.

ALL OF ME by Chris Baron
 
Seventh grader Ari Rosensweig is fat, “so big that everyone stares.” (1) He is made fun of, bullied, called names. One time he is beat up, not even trying to defend himself. But he does make one friend, Pick, the only one who tries to learn the real Ari.
His parents fight. His mother is an artist, and the family moves frequently, his dad managing his mother’s art business. But when they move to the beach for the summer, Ari’s dad leaves and sees Ari infrequently.
 
There are times when you feel
like you can’t stop eating,
because eating
is the only way
you know
how to
feel
right
again. (67-68)
 
But that summer Ari makes two new friends. And as he has let the haters make him into who he is, he now allows Pick, Lisa, and Jorge help him “to find the real me.” (145) He also receives the support of the rabbi who is training him for his Bar Mitzvah, his conversion to manhood under Jewish law. “’Maybe,’ the rabbi says, ‘it’s as simple as believing that you don’t have to be what others want you to be.’” (225)
 
His mother suggests a diet, but it seems to be a healthy diet and he sheds pounds.
This doesn’t look like me.
It can’t be me.
I don’t look like this,
normal. (209)
 
On a camping trip with Jorge, Ari discards the diet book. “I don’t see a fat kid,
not anymore.
I simply
see
myself. (267)
 
Finally, even though he has gained back some of the pounds (7 of them), he no longer feels like a failure because "it’s not about the weight”; it is about what the summer has brought: adventures, stories, and real friends.
Just me moving forward,
finding my own way. (311)
 
Told in lyrical free verse, this is a story that is needed by so many kids. This is not a book about weight; it is the story of identity and friendships—and power over what you can control.

THE MAGICAL IMPERFECT by Chris Baron
 
A golem is a creature formed out of a lifeless substance such as dust or earth that is brought to life by ritual incantations and sequences of Hebrew letters. The golem, brought into being by a human creator, becomes a helper, a companion, or a rescuer of an imperiled Jewish community.
 
Stan Lee once said, “If you don’t care about the characters, you can’t care about the story.” And I do look for characters I care about; in fact; sometimes I just want to take care of them. Even though I fell in love with them, there is no need in Chris Baron’s new verse novel; the two main  characters, Etan and Malia, take care of each other quite well.
 
Etan is part of a close community of emigrés from Prague, the Philippines, China, and other countries who, with his grandfather, sailed on the Calypso and entered America through the Angel Island Immigration Center in 1940. Etan needs the support of his community when his mother goes to a mental hospital and he loses the ability speak—except sometimes. In addition, his father appears to have lost his Jewish faith, and the community Sabbat dinners end. Etan finds comfort in his religious grandfather and his jewelry shop which appear to be the heart of the community.
 
Etan doesn’t play with the other boys at school since his mother left, and, when on a delivery errand, he meets Malia who has been homeschooled since she was bullied and called “the creature.” Malia’s severe eczema keeps her in the house or covered up from the sun with her Blankie. However, as he becomes friends with her, Etan believes that his grandfather’s ancient muds will cure Malia’s condition or bring a golem to help them out.
 
Etan, there are many things
from the old world
from your ancestors
that we carry with us always.
It’s our fire. Our light.
But there are somethings from those times that are still with us. (114)
 
When the mud doesn’t work permanently, Mrs. Li tells Etan,
Your friendship for this girl is the oldest
and strongest form of medicine you can ever give her.
                        Remind her that she is not alone. (161)
 
His grandfather agrees,
…each of us has his own story.
You have a chance to be the light, to help a friend. (178)
 
Etan helps Malia find her voice, and, when the earthquake nearly destroys the city, the community joins together, and Etan former friend Jordan and the bully Martin also contribute.
 
At the same time, his grandfather acknowledges that Etan is nearing the age of thirteen, the age of Bar Mitzvah and becoming a man, and he gives Etan family artifacts that he had brought from Prague to “connect you to the old world like a bridge, to remind you of where you came from and who you are, and that anything is possible.” (298) This gives Etan the idea of how to help put things back together.
The old and the new mix together,
making something
         completely new,
                        making something
                                                together. (323)
 
Set during the October 17, 1989, San Francisco earthquake and the legendary Game 3 of the World Series between the Giants and the A’s, this story is magical but certainly not imperfect.
A memorable story of friendship, community, Jewish traditions, Filipino culture, and healing.

​ABOVE THE RIM by Jen F. Bryant
 
In one smooth move, like a plane taking off,
He leaped…
Higher and higher and higher--
As if pulled by some invisible wire,
And just when it seemed he’d have to come down,
No!
He’d HANG there, suspended, floating like a bird or a cloud,
Changing direction, shifting the ball to the other side,
Twisting in midair, slashing, crashing,
Gliding past the defense, up—up—above the rim.
 
Above the Rim is the story of NBA player Elgin Baylor and how he changed basketball, but it is also the story of Civil Rights in the United States and how Elgin contributed to that movement.
 
Readers follow Elgin from age 14 when he began playing basketball “in a field down the street” to college ball at the College of Idaho to becoming the #1 draft pick for the Minneapolis Lakers (later the LA Lakers) to being named 1959 NBA Rookie of the Year. At the same time readers follow the peaceful protests of Rosa Parks, the Little Rock Nine, and the African American college students sitting at the “whites only” Woolworth’s lunch counter in Greensboro, NC.
 
In his first season Baylor sat out a game to protest the hotel and restaurants serving “whites only,” leading the NBA commissioner to make an anti-discrimination rule. “Elgin had already changed the way basketball was played. Now by sitting down and NOT playing, he helped change things off court.”
 
“Artists [such as Baylor,] change how we see things, how we perceive human limits, and how we define ourselves and our culture.” (Author’s Note)
 
This picture book, exquisitely illustrated by Frank Morrison, belongs in every classroom and home library for readers of all ages. Lyrically written in free verse by Jen Bryant, it would serve as a mentor text for many writing focus lessons:

• repetition, free verse, and rhyming lines for musicality
• technical language (jargon), i.e., hanging jumper, spin-shot, backboard
• active verbs, i.e., gliding, shifting, floating, twisted, reverse dunked
• Figurative language, i.e., floating like a bird or a cloud
• Sensory details, i.e.,  steamy summer day, padlocked fences, clickety-clack trains, flick of his wrist, beds that were too short, cold food

 
Following the story, the author provides a lengthy Author’s Note about Baylor, a bibliography of Further Reading, and a 1934-2018 Timeline of Elgin’s life, black athletes, and Civil Rights highlights.

​FEED YOUR MIND by Jen F. Bryant
 
If you can read, you can do anything—you can be anything.”—Daisy Wilson
 
My father grew up in The Hill District of Pittsburgh; therefore, even though I am from a very different cultural background, I felt an immediate tie to August Wilson and his fascinating story.
 
Frederick August Kittle Jr., the son of a white German baker and Daisy Wilson, a black single mother who left school after sixth-grade, cleaned houses, and taught her four-year-old Freddy to read, overcame discrimination and poverty to become a Pulitzer prize-winning playwright.
 
Freddy left school twice when prejudice from classmates made it evident that he, the only black student, was not welcome in Central Catholic High and teachers at the public high school doubted his writing genius. Besides his mother, only Brother Dominic had faith in him, “You could be a writer.”
 
Freddy educated himself at the Carnegie Public Library though the works of such black writers as Hughes, Dunbar, Ellison, and Wright and the conversations of the Hill’s tribal elders—“warriors who survive in this hard world.” His job as a poet, and later as playwright, was “to keep [these voices] alive” though a collage of black characters from the Pittsburgh that never left him.
 
Through Jen Bryant’s verse biography, readers follow Freddy Kittle’s daily life as he grows into August Wilson, influenced by black writers and collage artist Romare Bearden and supported by fellow playwrights. Feed Your Mind, a picture book for MG/YA readers is hauntingly illustrated by Cannaday Chapman and includes a Timeline, Selected Bibliography, and list of Wilson’s plays.

FLOODED: REQUIEM FOR JOHNSTOWN by Ann E. Burg
 
On May 31, 1889, the South Fork Dam collapsed. Twenty million tons of water from Lake Conemaugh poured into Johnstown [Pennsylvania] and neighboring communities. More than 2,200 people died, including 99 entire families and 396 children. [Author’s Note] The flood still stands as the second or third deadliest day in U.S. history resulting from a natural calamity.
Richard Peck wrote, “The bigger the issue, the smaller you write.” And author Ann E. Burg
introduces readers to individual residents of the town.
 
We read the stories of fifteen-year-old Joe Dixon who wants to run his own newsstand and marry his Maggie; Gertrude Quinn who tells us about her brother, three sisters, Aunt Abbie, and her father who owns the general store. We come to know Daniel and Monica Fagan. Daniel’s friend Willy, the poet, encouraged by his teacher to write, and George with 3 brothers and 4 sisters who wants to leave school and help support them. We watch the town prepare for the Decoration Day ceremony honoring the war dead.
 
And after the flood, readers hear from Red Cross nurse Clara Barton, and Ann Jenkins and Nancy Little who brought law suits that found no justice, and a few of the 700 unidentified victims of the flood.
 
And there are the members of the South Fork Fishing and Hunting Club—Andrew Carnegie, Charles J. Clarke, Henry Clay Frick, Andrew Mellon, Cyrus Elder, and Elias Unger, the wealthy of Pittsburgh who ignored repeated warnings that the dam holding their private lake needed to be repaired so it wouldn't give way. “They don’t care a whit about the likes of us.” (57)
 
This is a story of class and privilege and those who work tirelessly to make ends meet. As Monica says, “People who have money, who shop at fancy stores and buy pretty things, shouldn’t think they’re better than folks who scrabble and scrounge and go to sleep tired and hungry.” (111)
 
In free-verse narrative monologues, readers experience the lives of a town and its hard-working, family-oriented inhabitants—people we come to know and love, reluctant to turn the pages leading towards the disaster we know they will encounter. We bear witness to the events as we read and empathy for the plights of the people affected by those events.
 
This is a book that could be shared across middle grade and high school ELA, social studies, and science classes.

Early in my teaching career, it became clear to me that gender roles were fluid. Not all boys are rough and tumble and not all girls like pink. Society changes, technology changes, but I believe that the human heart doesn’t change. I have always tried to create characters from the inside out. In Flooded Daniel likes the outdoors and is not a particularly engaged student. Willie, on the other hand, loves poetry and books. Because they are neighbors, they are also friends. Daniel might roll his eyes at Willy’s word list, but he also appreciates Willy for who he is and what he accomplishes. I think that’s what happens when you build characters— and friendships—from the inside out.

CLASS ACT by Jerry Craft
 
“Getting As in all my classes is SO much easier than all the personal stuff. I wish friendship came with a textbook.… School would be so much easier without all the non-school stuff.” (Drew, 169)
 
In the sequel to New Kid, seventh grade friends Jordan, Liam, and Drew have to learn to navigate a new year in their prestigious private school. But eighth grade becomes much more complicated.
 
Jordan, who is struggling with being younger, smaller, and more physically immature than the other eighth grade boys, has to keep the peace between his best friends when Drew visits the mansion where Liam lives, judging him for how his parents’ lifestyle. Liam, whose parents ignore him, knows that wealth is not the secret to happiness.
 
As the boys visit each other’s neighborhoods and meet kids from another school which RAD wants to adopt as a “sister school”  to promote diversity, they begin to notice microaggressions, racism, and classism all around them. Their “ever-learning and ever-evolving” school creates an Office of Diversity and Inclusion and also a Students of Color Konnect club, and things become worse. “No one is happy just being who they are. It’s like we all have the way we want people to think we are…and then we have our real selves.” (177)
 
When Jordan’s parents get involved in day of food and sports, all three boys become exposed to new experiences. And they—especially Drew—realize, “We should probably try to stop being so hard on each other.…And on ourselves.” (244)
 
Jordan the aspiring cartoonist continues to share his life through black and white drawings within each chapter.

A WAY BETWEEN WORLDS by Melanie Crowder
 
There was no backup plan. All the worlds would fall under Somni control if someone didn’t stop the priests. Apparently, that someone was [Griffin].” (150)

“She was only herself. Stubborn, impatient, all-too human Fi. How could she be any different? But Great-Aunt Una had believed she could be more. Was that why Eb had stepped in front of the blow meant for her because there was supposed to be something special about Fi? Something she could do to save Vinea that no one else could?” (116)

In Melanie Crowder's new novel, A Way Between Worlds, readers meet the ultimate resilient boy—and girl. Readers first meet fifth-grader Griffith who has to travel to another world to save his father in The Lighthouse Between the Worlds where we also meet Fiona, a young Vinean resistance fighter who is living on Somni and grieving the loss of her family and her world.

But their strength and heroism is tested in this sequel. In Crowder’s universe, Vinea, the land of greenery; Caligo, a world made of air; Maris, where water and song intertwine; and even Earth where all elements work together, are invaded by the wicked priests who control the minds of the armies on Somni and “use that power to attack and colonize every world in their reach.” (3)

Through the two books, readers are witness to Griffith’s growth as he travels the hero’s journey. As Fi observes, “When he first showed up on Somni, he did everything wrong—I thought he was going to bring the whole resistance down.…But he was so sure that was exactly where he needed to be….” (128)

Readers also share Fi’s journey as she discovers her powers and recognizes and nurtures the powers of others.

Separately, on different worlds the two young adolescents take risks to save the all worlds, not only “theirs.” “It doesn’t matter what world we’re from. If we don’t stand together sooner or later they’ll come for us all.” (159)

This novel is a true sequel and cannot be understood without reading The Lighthouse between the Worlds, but who would not wish to spend two novels’ worth of time immersed in lovely, powerful language which provides a visual experience, with delightful characters who expand their idea of family to encompass the peoples of five worlds.

BENBEE AND THE TEACHER GRIEFER by K.A. Holt
 
Four rising 7th graders. Video Gamers. Divergent thinkers assigned to a summer school class. And a teacher who needs to teach them to read well enough to pass the FART (Florida Rigorous Academic Assessment Test), a teacher who is willing to meet her students half way, a teacher who shifts from a Teacher Griefer to a Gaming Legend, a teacher who learns that mastering Human Being Assessment Test skills is more important than Reading and Writing Assessment skills.
 
•Benjamin Bellows aka Sandbox Gamer Ben Bee whose weak writing skills are overcome with a 504 Plan and a typewriter. “”I’ve been thinking: finally something to help me do better, not Why now, not what’s wrong.” (206)
 
•Benita Ybarra aka Sandbox Gamer ObenwhY who is struggling with grief and loss. “But when you crash your car, you don’t have extra lives saved, stored up, hoarded. You have nothing that can blink you back to life.” (189) but who learns to trust and heal “I look up at her, as I pull this moment even tighter, a soft blanket of now becoming a bandage holding together the crack in my heart.” (191)
 
•Jordan Jackson aka Sandbox Gamer JORJORDANJMAGEDDON, diagnosed with ADHD, friendly, funny, and obsessed with a television dance contest show—and with Spartacus.
 
•New student Javier Jimenez aka Sandbox Gamer jajajavier who has a secret as to why he hides behind a hoodie and refuses to read aloud. “I think I finally have friends” (266)
 
•Teacher Jordan Jackson (no relation) aka Sandbox Gamer JJ11347 whose job is in jeopardy after she allows the students to read a book based on Sandbox instead of Oliver Twist, a divergent teacher.
you’re right, though 
she’s a divergent teacher  
she teaches differently   
she, like, listens to us. (247)
 
Four kids who become “Not besties. But not nothings.” (211) Four children who I fell in love with as they discover their strengths individually and together through the willingness of a teacher to become a learner.
 
Written in the students’ four voices in free verse, stream-of-consciousness, and drawings, and through game chats, the story will appeal to divergent upper elementary and middle-grade readers.

After my first few books came out, and after experiencing the world as best I could through the eyes of my own young children, I began to see a critical necessity to write boy characters who didn't just have realistic feelings and emotions deep down inside, but also showed those emotions on the page. I learned that creating boy characters who show strong emotions doesn't negate humor or action in a book at all. In fact, everything is enhanced when every character is fully, realistically rendered in all their complicated glory. Years ago, when Rhyme Schemer, my first realistic fiction middle grade novel in verse, was out on submission, I heard over and over that "seventh grade boys aren't this sensitive" and "middle school boys don't talk about their feelings like this." Why did I hear that? Because of an insidious belief brought on by our society's toxically masculine status quo. At the time, I don't think most people even knew they were perpetuating this status quo. But once we all figured it out, we couldn't un-know it.

Boys have feelings. Full stop. They cry. They hurt. They yearn. They love. They can laugh and cry in the same moment. They can love and hurt in the same breath. And they deserve to know that, much like farting, these are healthy, universal expressions that cross all genders.

WHAT ABOUT WILL by Ellen Hopkins
 
Twelve-year-old Trace’s world changes when his older brother Will is injured in a high school football accidental collision with another player. Luckily, he was not paralyzed,
But his brain had volleyed
Between the sides of his skull
So hard it was swollen. (14)
 
Will is left with rages, headaches, and a “wrecked” facial nerve leaving him with no expression except for a facial tick. Their mother blames their father for letting Will play football and their already-fragile marriage dissolves when she leaves for a permanent tour with her band. “When you’re scared, blame comes easy.” (13)
 
Will changes, dumping his loyal girlfriend and hanging out with new friends—a seemingly bad crowd who he sneaks out to join at all hours, and Trace is left without the big brother he remembers.
Probably what I miss
most of all, though,
is having a big brother
to talk to. Some things
you can’t tell just anyone. (18)
 
Luckily Trace has Bram, his best friend, and a new friend, Cat, the newest member and only girl (and maybe best player) on Trace’s Little League team and his new partner in the Gifted program at school. Cat has a troubled older brother and empathizes with Trace. When Cat’s father, the famous baseball player Victor Sanchez, signs Trace’s glove, Will steals and pawns it. In fact, Will has stolen all of Trace’s saved money, and Trace becomes suspicious of Will’s “activities” but is hesitant to bother his father who works hard and has a new girlfriend.
 
Also
I keep thinking if I
                                    keep his secrets
                                    don’t tell Dad
                                    don’t bother Mom
he’ll trust me enough
to tell me why he hardly
ever leaves his room, and where
he goes when he ducks
out the door the minute
Dad’s back is turned.
 
I miss the original Will. (25)
 
As things become worse, trace realizes,
I need someone here for me…”
I feel like a kite
Come loose from its string
And its tail tangled up
In a very tall tree.
No way to rescue it
Unless a perfect w
Whisp of wind
Plucks it just right, sets it free. (333)
 
When Will overdoses (mistake? suicide attempt?), everyone—Dad, Lily, Mom, Mom’s boyfriend, their neighbor, Cat, and Bram—comes together and support not only Will but Trace. 

MIDDLE SCHOOL’S A DRAG by Greg Howard
 
“Maybe Pap isn’t the person I’ve been trying to impress all this time. Maybe it was me. Maybe what I really need is to be proud of myself.” (236)
 
A 13-year-old drag queen; a rising comic learning the difference between insults and jokes; a three-legged blind rescue dog; a wheelchair-bound Super Hero impersonator; a dream interpreter; two best friends that offer support no matter what—and, right in the middle, their Talent Agent, rising entrepreneur Michael Pruitt of Anything Talent and Pizzazz (not Pizza) Agency.
 
Seventh grader Mikey (as he is called when he is out of the office) has been planning businesses, most of which have failed, to impress his beloved Pap, the original family entrepreneur who is now in a nursing home with diabetes and heart problems.  His Board consists of his very supportive mother and father and his less-supportive, evil, client-stealing younger sister, Lyla. When Mickey meets Coco Caliente, Mistress of Madness and Mayhem (boy name Julian Vasquez) at school, he has found his new business.
 
Mikey thinks he might be—no, he knows that he is—gay, but he has only come out to his parents (“They were wicked cool about it right from the beginning.” (30)) and his two best friends although, for some unfathomable reason, the school bullies call him Gay Mikey. However, he worries that he is not good at being gay, has no gaydar, and is sure that he is not ready to like-like someone. Then he meets Julian’s friend, new student Colton Sanford whose smile makes his stomach melt. Julian, who has become a friend, tells him, “Michael, there’s no right or wrong way to be gay.” (95)
 
Michael spends the next weeks Googling performance terms, trying to book paying gigs for his clients, and preparing them for the school talent show where he can earn a commission if a client wins the $100 prize. And navigating the school bullies.
 
As Mikey, he discovers the secret of head bully Tommy Jenrette which ends up improving their relationship, and he supports Julian’s whose mother and abuela are encouraging but his father absolutely forbids him to dress up. “I just wish my dad could be proud of me,” Julian says, his shoulders sagging. “Like he used to be—before Coco Caliente.” ((94) 
 
Mikey also encourages and defends Colton who tells him that he moved in with his grandmother because his mother is in rehab. “I guess you just never know what’s going on with someone, even if they seem okay and wear a mask that’s nice to look at.” (231) Mickey is good at letting his friends appreciate that they matter. “I think about my business ventures and how they make me feel important. And like I matter. And wanting to matter doesn’t seem like too much to ask.” (94)
 
The characters, especially Mickey/Michael, grabbed me on page 1. “I think CEOs of big-time companies like mine shouldn’t be required to attend middle school. It seriously gets in the way of doing important business stuff.” I have been reading many wonderful important MG novels, but Middle School’s a Drag is hilarious, the writing voice jumping right off the pages. I didn’t put it down, and neither will readers. This is a book for reluctant readers, proficient readers, and the many adolescents who need to know that they matter.

WHEN STARS ARE SCATTERED by Victoria Jamieson and Omar Mohamed
 
“No one chooses to be a refugee. To leave their homes, family, and country.” (Omar Mohamed’s Author’s Note) At least 79.5 million people around the world have been forced to flee their homes. Among them are nearly 26 million refugees, half of whom are under the age of 18. (UNHCR.org)
 
Omar and his younger brother Hassan spent 15 years in Dadaab Refugee Camp in Kenya, leaving their home in Somalia when Omar was 4 years old. Their father had been killed and mother left, not returning before the villagers were compelled to flee the violence, taking the boys with them. This is Omar and Hassan’s story, beginning after 7 years living in the camp with Fatuma, their appointed foster mother, also a refugee.
 
It is the story of Omar who was encouraged to begin school at age ten and found hope in education. Though it was challenging to take care of Hassan, chores, and studying, he earned his way into middle school and then high school.
 
It is the story of his brother Hassan who had seizures and did not speak but was kind to children and animals and watched over by the camp community.
 
It is the story of the girls of the camp, especially Nimo and Maryam, and the restrictions and expectations placed on girls by their society.
 
It is the story of the camp refugees and constant hunger, deprivation, and despair but also the joyful celebrations of holidays and traditions and the hope for reunification with family and resettlement in a safe country. And dreams.
 
“None of us ask to be born where we are, or how we are. The challenge of life is to make the most out of what you’ve been given.  And despite all the things I don’t have…I have been given something very important. The love of others is a gift from God, and it shouldn’t be taken for granted.” (212)
 
Omar’s story, co-written and illustrated by Victoria Jamieson, is a graphic memoir that comes alive through the drawings. It includes an Afterword that takes readers from the story’s ending in 2009 to Omar and Hassan’s life today. This novel will be an important introduction to many readers to a life their peers may have experienced. Hopefully it is a story which will lead to understanding, compassion, and respect. As Omar’s middle school English teacher tells them, “Throughout your life, people may shout ugly words at you like, ‘Go home, refugee!’ or ‘You have no right to be here!’ When you meet these people, tell them to look at the stars, and how they move across the sky. No one tells a star to go home.” (120)

THE BRIDGE by Bill Konigsberg
 
“You jump and it’s over, pain gone, nothing more to say.” (250)
 
Two adolescents and two possible outcomes equals four possibilities. In two of these scenarios, Aaron exhibits strength and resilience.
 
Tillie and Aaron are New York City teenagers who are experiencing depression and despair. Even though they have never met, they both decide to jump off the George Washington Bridge coincidentally on the same day at the same time. The possibilities: Tillie jumps, Aaron sees her and lives; Aaron jumps, Tillie watches him and lives; both jump and both die; Aaron and Tillie see each other preparing to jump and meet, neither jumps, and both live.
 
This exquisitely-designed narrative shares all four scenarios as readers become progressively involved with the two characters, their families, and their friends and acquaintances. Even though readers are reading different permutations of the story, it is so well-crafted that there is little repetition as the stories develop.
 
As readers experience the world through Aaron’s and Tillie’s eyes, we learn about depression, suicidal ideation, and the immeasurable importance of connection with others. Readers perceive the effect of suicide on those involved in the lives of the victims and realize the significance of discussing feelings of despair and exploring alternatives to suicide.
 
“People are like that [the power of water] too. And love. Life-saving and life-taking, and it’s almost too much to navigate, that there’s this thing out there we need so much, that also hurts and destroys as it does.” (323)
 
Bill Konigsberg’s latest novel should be included in all secondary school and classroom libraries and included in book clubs where readers can discuss in small groups. 

EVERYTHING SAD IS UNTRUE by Daniel Nayeri
 
Years ago I heard Tim O’Brien, author of The Things They Carried, tell an audience, “You don’t have to tell a true story to tell the truth.” When I facilitate memoir workshops, I advise writers that memoir is how the memoirist remembers and interprets events.
 
Everything Sad Is Untrue is the story of Khosrou Nayeri on his way to becoming Daniel Nayeri. It is the stories of his childhood in Iran, in Dubai, in a refugee “camp” in Italy, in his relocation home in Oklahoma; it is also the stories of the Persian and Iranian people and history. It is a recounting that flits from time to time and person to person and place to place, inviting readers to participate as we form a relationship with the storyteller.
 
This is a collection of stories reminiscent of 1001 Arabian Nights. In fact, Daniel frequently compares himself to Scheherazade, telling readers, “Every story is the sound of a storyteller begging to stay alive.” (59) The author further explains that, in his case, “You don’t get to choose what you remember. A patchwork memory is the shame of a refugee.” (49) and later explains, “Memories are just stories we tell ourselves, after all. (349)
 
Everything Sad is Untrue reminds me of my favorite children’s book Haroun and the Sea of Stories in which Salman Rushdie proves “the use of stories that aren’t even true,” a novel that likewise blends Eastern and Western cultures.
 
But the most important feature of this wonderful novel is the author’s voice which comes through on every page. As our storyteller discloses, “The point of Nights is that if you spend time with each other—if we really listen in the parlors of our minds and look at each other as we were meant to be seen—then we would fall in love.…The stories aren’t the thing. The thing is the story of the story. The spending of the time. The falling in love.” (301) And that is why I am not recounting a summary of this story as in many of my reviews. I fell in love with the telling of the story.
 
A book deserving its 2021 Michael L. Printz award, an award which annually honors the best book written for teens, based entirely on its literary merit.

FREE LUNCH by Rex Ogle
 
On the first day of middle school Rex Ogle arrives at school with a black eye and his name in the Free Lunch Program registry. This was supposed to be a great year. “I guess it won’t be after all.” (25)
 
When his friends all join the football team, Rex has no one to sit with at lunch. “Having a place to sit in middle school is important. ‘Cause it means you have friends. Popular kids sit at one table. Football players sit nearby. Cheerleaders too. Band kids are in one area, school newspaper and yearbook kids at another. Religious kids have a table. So do the kids who play Dungeons & Dragons. The whole cafeteria is that way. Everyone has their place. Everyone except me.” (56)
 
As Rex lives through a year of avoiding being hit by his mentally-unstable mother and her abusive boyfriend; taking care of his little brother; sleeping in a room with only a sleeping bag; having his one possession—his Sony boombox, a present from his real dad—pawned; surviving a teacher who treats him as “less than;” and moving to government-subsidized housing in view of the school, he still feels the responsibility to help his mother. When his friend Liam steals some candy at the grocery “because [he] can,” the cashier asks to see Rex’s pockets, and Rex learns the double standard for the wealthy and the poor. “I don’t get why folks act like being poor is a disease, like it’s wrong or something.” (53)
 
On the positive side, Rex makes a new friend at school, Ethan, a boy who may have seems a “total weirdo” at first but turns out to be a good person and true friend and have his own family problems, and Rex’s teacher learns to admit and face her own prejudices. Rex comes to the realization that “Mom didn’t sign me up for the Free Lunch Program to punish me. She did it so I could have food….Things are not as black and white as I thought. Maybe some things are gray, somewhere in between.” (188)
 
Rex’s mother finally obtains a job, and he even receives a present for Christmas. “I may not have a million presents, but I have one. And one is better than none.” (188) As Ethan  tells him, “…no one has a perfect life. There is no such thing as ‘perfect.’ It’s just an idea.” (195)
.
However, some lives are indeed less perfect. About 15 million children in the United States – 21% of all children – live in families with incomes below the federal poverty threshold. Forty-three percent of children live in families who earn less than necessary to cover basic expenses (NCCP). And Rex Ogle, author, was one of them—and Free Lunch is his story.

​BECOMING MUHAMMAD ALI by James Patterson and Kwame Alexander
 
Becoming Muhammad Ali relates the story of boxer Cassius Clay from the time he began training as an amateur boxer at age 12 until he won the Chicago Golden Gloves on March 25, 1959—with glimpses forward to his 1960 Olympic gold medal and his transformation to Muhammad Ali.
 
The novel is creatively co-written by two authors in the voices of two narrator-characters: James Patterson writes as Cassius’ childhood best friend Lucius “Lucky” in prose and Kwame Alexander writes in verse, sometimes rhyming, most times not, as Cassius Clay. Dawud Anyabwile drew the wonderful illustrations.
 
Cassius Clay’s grandaddy always advised him, “Know who you are, Cassius. And whose you are. Know where you going and where  you from.” (25) and he did. From Louisville, Kentucky, from Bird and Clay, and (in his own “I Am From” poem) from “slavery to freedom,…from the unfulfilled dreams of my father to the hallelujah hopes of my momma.” (28-29)
 
Readers learn WHY Cassius Clay fought,…
for my name
for my life
for Papa Cash
and Momma Bird
for my grandaddy
and his grandaddy…
for America
for my chance
for my children
for their children
for a chance
at something better
at something way
greater. (296-297)

 As Lucky tells the reader, “He was loud. He was proud. He called himself the Greatest. Even when he wasn’t. Yet. But deep down, where it mattered, he could be very humble. It was another part of him that he didn’t let most people see.” (231) “He was also a true and loyal friend.” (305)
 
Throughout the novel, readers also learn boxing moves, information about famous boxers, such as Joe Louis and Rocky Marciano, and matches, and even more about the person who was Cassius Clay and became Muhammad Ali.

THINGS SEEN FROM ABOVE by Shelley Pearsall
 
“However, I came to the conclusion a long time ago that people often see only what they expect to see. If they don’t expect much, they don’t see much.” (99)
 
When we accept those who see things differently, we begin to see things in a different way.
 
Sixth grader April feels like a misfit when her former best friend shows up at school with a new look, new clothes, and new friends. She avoids the 6th grade lunch by volunteering to staff the Buddy Bench during that time which is also the 4th grade recess. During recesses she observes Joey Bird, a 4th grader who doesn’t play with any other kids and appears to spend the time dragging his feet randomly through the wood chips and sometimes lying down in the midst of them. April thinks Joey may have autism and, as she observes him during the school day, it also seems as though he cannot read and frequently gets kicked out of class.
 
But as April and her fifth grader helper, Veena, a new student from India, observe more closely, they realize that Joey is actually creating spirals and even intricate drawings in the chips. Their observations are verified by Mr. Ulysses, the custodian, an inventor himself, who has been taking photographs of Joey’s art. April and Veena elect to get to know Joey and the meaning of his art.
 
When their discovery is accidently shared with other students, they all begin to look at Joey, and each other, differently. “Joey’s popularity seemed to pull other forgotten kids out of the shadows.…The outcasts started getting noticed. The excluded were included.” (146)
 
People even start seeing Joey’s art in different ways. “Our outlines kept moving and changing every day—and there was no telling who we would eventually become.” (191)
 
In first person chapters narrated by April and third person chapters written from Joey Bird’s perspective, augmented with his artwork, readers will be led to think about what they see and how they see—themselves and others in this important tale of assumptions and acceptance.

BLACK BROTHER, BLACK BROTHER by Jewell Parker Rhodes
 
“Be you. Stay confident, visible. Even if others can’t see you.” (183)
 
Trey and Donte are biracial brothers, but Trey looks like his White father and 7th grader Donte takes after his Black mother. This didn’t seem to matter in their public school in NY where they both had lots of friends, but at Middlefield Prep in Boston, it does. Trey is a popular and respected athlete while Donte is taunted and bullied. Trey stands up for Donte when he can “Ellison brothers stick together” (47), but Alan, the school bully, leads his followers in a chant of “black brother, black brother.” It’s Alan who and wants “other students to see only my blackness. See it as a stain.” (34) and makes “me being darker than my brother a crime.” (44)
 
When Donte complains, “Everyone here bullies me. Teachers. Students. Whispers, sometimes outright shouts follow me.” (6), not only is Headmaster McGeary not sympathetic, he blames and even punishes him for crimes he has not committed. “Why can’t you be more like your brother?” (8). He calls the police and has Donte taken to jail for slamming his backpack at his own feet in frustration. Released from jail, his mom, a lawyer says, “This is how it starts. Bias. Racism. Plain and simple…” (24)
 
One option is to “Disappear. Be invisible.” (19), but Donte vows to beat Alan at his own game—fencing. With Trey’s help, he discovers Arden Jones, an African American Olympic fencer who works at the local Boys and Girls Club, and convinces Mr. Jones to coach him. As Donte gets stronger with the help of Coach, Trey, and his new friends at the Boys and Girls Club, he begins to regain a trust in people. “Prejudice is wrong. Wrong, it makes me doubt people.” (87) He learns his Coach’s history and how it is easy to lose oneself in people’s hatred. As Coach tells him when relating his own past failure, “I quit playing because I gave up on me. Became invisible.… Should’ve kept focused on my goals. Should’ve known bullies, biased people, can’t see clearly.” (182)  His advice, “Don’t do anything for anyone else, Donte. Do it for you. Only you.” (131)
 
And most important, through fencing, Coach, his supportive family, and his new friends, Donte learns that he wants to fence, no longer to beat Alan and humiliate him but  “to be the best.” (183)
 
Another powerful novel for 4th though 8th graders by Jewell Parker Rhoads, author of some of my favorite novels, Ninth Ward, Towers Falling, Paradise On Fire, and Ghost Boys, this short novel, as did Ghost Boys, tackles racism—by adolescents, adults, and society‑head on. The sport of fencing, tied to honor and nobility and promoting good sportsmanship, is particularly appropriate; every fencing bout starts with a salute to your opponent and ends with a handshake.

PATRON SAINTS OF NOTHING by Randy Ribay
​
“There was a time I thought getting older meant you’d understand more about the world, but it turns out the exact opposite is true.” (296)

Jason Reguero has his life planned out, at least as much as any typical 17-year-old. He will finish his senior year, play video games with his best friend Seth, attend Michigan in the Fall, graduate, and get a job, even though he has no idea what he wants to do and has not found anything that has awakened a passion.

In fact, Jay seems somewhat adrift until he receives the news that his seventeen-year-old cousin, Jun, was killed in the Philippines by government officials under President Duterte’s war on drugs, accused of being a drug addict and pusher. Jun’s father, as head of the police force, refuses a funeral or any type of memorial.

The last time Jay saw Jun was when his family, whose family had moved to the U.S. so the three siblings could be more “American” like their mother, was when they were ten and were like brothers. They had written back and forth until Jay got caught up in his own life and stopped answering Jun’s letters. Jun, questioning the political regime and the church, had moved from his restrictive father’s house and was thought to be living on the streets. Feeling guilty for having abandoned his cousin, Jay uses his Spring Break to fly to the Philippines to investigate Jun’s death, the reason he was really killed, and why no one—other than his sisters, Grace and Angel—mourns his death.

Jay is introduced to Grace’s friend Mia, a student reporter, and together they investigate Jun’s last few years. They find that Jun’s story is not that simple. “I was so close to feeling like I had Jun’s story nailed down. But no. That’s not how stories work, is it?. They are shifting things that re-form with each new telling, transform with each new teller. Less a solid, and more a liquid talking the shape of its container.” (281)

Ribay’s coming-of-age novel, Jay finds some answers, and some more questions, challenging his preconceptions. But he also begins discovering his Filipino heritage and his identity as a Filipino-American. He finds a passion which determines his future—at least for now.

“We all have the same intense ability to love running through us. It wasn’t only Jun. But for some reason, so many of us don’t use it like he did. We keep it hidden. We bury it until it becomes an underground river. We barely remember it’s there. Until it’s too far down to tap.” (265)
​
This is a YA novel for mature readers about identity, family, heritage, and truth. Readers will also learn a lot about Filipino history and contemporary politics.

OMAR RISING by Aisha Saeed
 
“What about the boys on the other side of the wall? Picking whatever activities they’d like because they were born into families who can pay their tuition. [The headmaster] is right. I’m lucky. But it’s hard to feel that way right now.” (ARC, 50)
 
Omar lives in a one-room hut with his mother, a servant for the family of Omar’s best friend Amal. When Omar is accepted to the prestigious Ghalib Academy for Boys as a scholarship student, his whole town celebrates. He is aware that his future opportunities have widened, but he is particularly excited about the extracurricular activities, especially the astronomy club since he has always wanted to be an astronomer.
 
At school Omar immediately makes friends—Marwan and Jabril from Orientation; Kareem, his roommate and one of the scholarship kids along with Naveed, and soon others, especially when they observe Omar’s soccer skills. The only unfriendly person appears to be their neighbor Aiden. And Headmaster Moiz, the English teacher for the scholarship students or, as he says, “kids like you,” who appears to take an instant dislike to Omar. Despite having the academics to be accepted, the scholarship kids find the studies difficult, no matter how hard they study.
 
And then they find out that Scholar Boys are not permitted to join any activities or sports; instead they have to do hours of chores.
“Back home, everyone was proud of me.
Back home, everyone was jostling for me to be part of their team.
But I’m not home now.” (ARC, 56)
“I’m the kid doing chores. Who can’t do any of the fun after-school activities. Struggling to keep up with my classes.” (ARC, 153)
 
Omar and Naveed and the others fulfill their work hours, manly in the kitchen with the chef Shauib and his son Basem where Omar finds he has some talent and where they can keep their secret from the other students (who think they are just nerds, studying all the time). “Marwan acts like we think being stuck in a room on a Friday night instead of out having fun is what we want to do. He doesn’t get it. Because he can’t.” (ARC, 109)
 
But the boys find out that the system is rigged. Most of the Scholar Boys are not expected to stay beyond the first year. Studying together with the other scholarship boys, night and day, Omar does well in science and math but continues to do poorly in English until he asks the Headmaster to tutor him.. “Finding out how hard it was to actually stay at this school, I’d started pushing away my dreams, afraid it would hurt more if it all crashed down. But maybe holding onto your dreams is how you make your way through.” (ARC, 117) But he finds it is notenough.
 
For his art class final project, Omar studies Shehzil Maik, a local artist who works in many mediums to promote justice, equality, and resistance. With her influence, he designs his own collage “Stubbornly Optimistic.” During his presentation Omar shares the injustice he and the other Scholar Boys are facing. “We might go to the same school, but the rules are completely different for us.… We might be in the same classes but we are from different classes.” (ARC, 176) 

SHOOTING KABUL by N.H. Senzai
 
“The driver hit the gas and the tires squealed as the truck made a sharp turn and then accelerated right though a bombed-out warehouse onto a parallel alley. Fadi looked from the edge of the truck’s railing in disbelief. His six-year-old sister had been lost because of him.” (25)
 
Fadi’s father, a native Afghan, received his doctorate in the United States and returned to Afghanistan with his family five years before to help the Taliban rid the country of drugs and help the farmers grow crops. But as the Taliban became more and more restrictive and power-hungry and things changed, Habib, his wife Zafoona, Noor, Fadi, and little Mariam (born in the U.S.) need to flee the country. During their nighttime escape, chased by soldiers, Fadi loses his grip on Mariam as they are pulled into the truck, and she is lost.
 
Eventually making it to America, the family joins relatives in Fremont, California. “Fremont has the largest population of Afghans in the United States” (56), and Habib takes measures to try to find and rescue Mariam. Starting sixth grade in his new school, Fadi is continuously plagued with guilt over Mariam’s loss and is tormented and beaten up by the two sixth-grade bullies.
However, though Anh, a new friend, he joins the photography club and becomes obsessed with a contest that could win him a ticket to India for a photo shoot but also take him in proximity to Pakistan where he can look for Mariam himself.
 
Then the events of September 11, 2001, occur and “By the end of the day, Fadi knew that the world as he knew it would never be the same again.” (137). Harassment escalates both at school and in the community. “[Mr. Singh] was attacked because the men thought he was a Muslim since he wore a turban and beard. They blamed him for what happened on September eleventh.” (165)
 
When the Afghan students have had enough with the school bullies, they band together and confront the two boys, but having them cornered, decide, “We can’t beat them up. That would make us as bad as they are…. Beating them up won’t solve anything.” (232)
Meanwhile, while looking for a photograph that will capture “all the key elements” of a winning photograph and additionally portray his community, Fadi shoots the picture which, in an unusual way, leads to finding Mariam.
 
Shooting Kabul introduces readers to one family of refugees living in a community of Afghans of different ethnic groups as well as immigrants from other countries. The story also takes readers through some of the background of the Taliban in Afghanistan, relevant at this time. 

ILLEGAL by Francisco Stork

​Illegal is the winner of the 2021 International Latino Book Award - Gold Medal
 
Francisco’s Stork’s 2017 novel Disappeared takes place in Juarez, Mexico, and depicts sex trafficking, the cartel, murder, poverty, betrayal, abandonment.
 
Sara Zapata, a young reporter for a local paper, is committed to finding and saving the young women she learns are being kidnapped, including her best friend Linda, despite the warnings of her boss and the threats to herself and her family.
 
Sara’s younger brother Emiliano, whose life has been affected by his father’s abandonment—of the family and his native Mexico—is looking for a better life, for ways to make money to pay the family bills and win the love of his wealthy girlfriend.
 
The siblings find in following their consciences, helping others, and making moral choices, they need to do what is right—not what is easy or even safe, and must sacrifice, or revise, their personal goals. To save their lives, Sara and Emiliano escape to the United States to find a better life and to bring the cartel who is trafficking the women to justice. They cross the border and are attacked in the dessert.
 
Sara turns herself over to the authorities, certain that she meets the requirements for asylum but, as her time in the detention facility grows longer and she observes women being mistreated and deported for no reason, she questions her assumptions. “I imagined that all I had to do was show the authorities the evidence of actual persecution, of actual threats, such as people machine-gunning our house in Juarez.… I saw my case as fitting within the legal reasons for asylum under the law of the United States. Was I wrong about the United States?” (31) She finds, “The whole process of who gets asylum and who gets detained, who gets a bond and who gets released, who gets a visa and who gets deported. I mean, it’s not as rational as I imagined it would be.” (34)
 
Meanwhile Emiliano enters the country illegally and goes to Chicago with his father, planning to turn Linda’s evidence against the cartel over to the proper authorities. He also finds America to be less than welcoming. As he tells his new friend Aniela, “I think that in Mexico I feel like I belong all the time. I never feel not wanted like I do here sometimes. Here I’m always looking over my shoulder even when no one is there.…knowing that you belong and are wanted is major.” (251)
 
When Sara’s attorney is killed and she is placed in solitary confinement and Emiliano finds he can no longer trust his father, tensions escalate. A study of government corruption and the asylum process, this sequel to is a thriller that will hook the most reluctant adolescent reader. Enough background is given in Illegal that it may not be completely necessary to first read  Disapppeared, but it would surely enhance the reading.

ON THE HOOK by Francisco Stork
 
“Respect and disrespect. Killing and revenge and cowardice. Stupid, meaningless words, all of them. None of them worth dying for.” (270)
 
Hector and his family were still grieving the loss of his father to cancer, his brother dealing with it through drinking.  But Hector was a good, smart kid on his way to a better life. Then things were finally looking up; Fili was drinking less, in love, and planning to buy a house to move the family out of the projects where Chavo, the drug dealer, and his brother Joey ran things. What would induce Hector, a chess team champion, writing contest winner with college aspirations, who worked a grocery job to help his mother pay the bills, to confess to a crime in order to end up in reform school.
 
At school and home in the projects, Joey threatens to kill Hector, carving a “C” in Hector’s chest, and Hector becomes consumed with the shame of his own cowardice. When Joey kills Fili,  he and Hector are sent to the same reform school, where Hector has to decide how to make things “balance[d]” as decreed by the apparition of his father. Should he humiliate Joey in the boxing ring and then kill him? Will those acts make him less of a coward? Or does he listen to his many mentors?
 
“X-Man went suddenly quiet. He looked as if he was remembering something painful. ‘Dude, you gotta find a way to move on. When your flashlight’s stuck like that, you’re not seeing, like Mr. Diaz says. And seeing’s the only way to free yourself.’” (214)
 
Francisco Stork’s newest novel is filled with 3-dimensional characters who jump off the page into the reader’s heart. I felt protective of Hector, wanting to cheer him on and shake him and counsel him. I grieved for Fili and his lost future as if I had known him.  Even Joey, the villain, came alive as his story validates the idea that everyone has a back story and their own demons.
 
Maybe the balance Hector needs to create is in himself.
 
This is a story that many adolescents need to read as books can be “mirrors” or “windows” but can also provide maps. Christopher Myers wrote, “They [the children I meet in schools visits] see books less as mirrors and more as maps. They are indeed searching for their place in the world, but they are also deciding where they want to go. They create, through the stories they’re given, an atlas of their world, of their relationships to others, of their possible destinations.” (The Apartheid of Children’s Literature,” Sunday Review, The NY Times). 
​

BORN BEHIND BARS by Padma Venkatraman
 
Kabir Khan, the son of a Muslim father and Hindu mother, was born behind bars in a prison in Chennai, his mother wrongly accused of a theft before he was born. He has lived his life in deplorable conditions—little food, no privacy, intermittent water availability, and no freedom. His only happiness is being with his Amma and his teacher at the prison school.
 
But at age 9 his life becomes even more uncertain when, too old to live in prison, he is to be released into the streets. “I tell myself I’m free. I’m outside where I dreamed of going, but I feel like a fish in a net being lifted out of the water I’ve lived in all my life.”(59)
 
Claimed by a man who says he is his uncle, he faces his first dangerous situation. “My ‘uncle’ is selling me.” (72)
 
Kabir escapes and navigates the streets with the help of a new friend, the resilient Rana, an adolescent girl who has lived on the streets —and in the trees— and killing her own food—squirrel and crow stews—since her Kurava (Roma) family was attacked, her father killed. She teaches Kabir how to survive street life. He has two goals: to find his father and find a lawyer to release his mother from prison.  “I can just imagine Amma walking out of that gray building—me holding one of her hands and my father holding the other.” (93) His command of both Kannada and Tamil languages are an asset and when following his Amma’s wishes to be good, he returns a lady’s lost earring, he and Rana and rewarded with tickets to Bengaluru to find his father’s parents.
 
In Bengaluru Kabir and Rana learn to trust and find new lives that allow them to both have hope again.
 
Filled with memorable characters, this emotional story will bring empathy and cultural awareness to upper elementary/middle-grade readers; its short chapters will provide a good read-aloud for teachers, librarians, and parents.

​I have found the most effective, and comfortable, way to confront difficult topics while discussing their own perspectives and reading experiences for our diverse readers is through reading in book clubs. Book Clubs provide safe spaces for readers to discuss these characters and how they handle challenges while sometimes connecting to their own experiences. TALKING TEXTS: A Teachers’ Guide to Book Clubs across the Curriculum was written to provide teachers and librarians with strategies to group appropriate books, teach discussion skills, and facilitate book clubs of disparate readers.

A middle school and high school teacher for twenty years, Lesley Roessing was the Founding Director of the Coastal Savannah Writing Project at Georgia Southern University (formerly Armstrong State University) where she was also a Senior Lecturer in the College of Education. In 2018-19 she served as a Literacy Consultant with a K-8 school. Lesley served as past editor of Connections, the award-winning journal of the Georgia Council of Teachers of English. As a columnist for AMLE Magazine, she shared before, during, and after-reading response strategies across the curriculum through ten “Writing to Learn” columns.  Lesley now works independently—writing, providing professional development in-service and workshops in literacy to schools through Zoom, and visiting classrooms to facilitate reading and writing lessons. She can be contacted at lesleyroessing@gmail.com or through Facebook Messenger.
 
Lesley is the author of five professional books for educators on reading, writing, and grammar:

• Bridging the Gap: Reading Critically & Writing Meaningfully to Get to the Core 
• Comma Quest: The Rules They Followed. The Sentences They Saved 
• No More “Us” & “Them: Classroom Lessons and Activities to Promote Peer Respect 
• The Write to Read: Response Journals That Increase Comprehension
• Talking Texts: A Teachers’ Guide to Book Clubs across the Curriculum
• and has contributed chapters to four anthologies:
  • Young Adult Literature in a Digital World: Textual Engagement though Visual Literacy
  • Queer Adolescent Literature as a Complement to the English Language Arts Curriculum
  • Story Frames for Teaching Literacy: Enhancing Student Learning through the Power of Storytelling
  • ​Fostering Mental Health Literacy through Adolescent Literature

Until next time

June Pulliam is my primary go to source for scary stories. For over a decade I have been in awe of June's knowledge of the basic horror genre. In fact, this goes beyond YA books and into film and other stories about ghosts, werewolves, and other monsters. Indeed her knowledge is a bit, well-- terrifying.  

June has other posts for Dr. Bickmore's YA Wednesday. Browse through the contributors' page and pay special attention for her name during the month of October.

​Thanks June.

My picks for this Halloween are two works of YA fiction—Ryan Douglass’s first novel The Taking of Jake Livingston and an Amazon reboot of Lois Duncan’s I Know What You Did Last Summer franchise. Both offer different interpretations of haunting. Douglass’ The Taking of Jake Livingston easily fits into this category. Ever since he can remember, Jake Livingston has been a medium.  However, Jake turns away from his gift because it genuinely frightens him, and he doesn’t Jake doesn’t need anything else to make his peers think that he is strange: Jake is one of the few gay kids of color at the all-boys high school he attends, and he is closeted even to his family.

Because Jake Livingston is neither cis, nor het, nor white, his experience with haunting is comparable to how women are more typically mediums for spirits in ghost fiction. Mediumship is compatible with normative femininity in how channeling spirits is similar to pregnancy—the medium typically allows the spirit to use her body to get the justice he or she was denied in life. Jake’s body is taken over by ghost of Sawyer Doon, a boy his own age who gained notoriety a year earlier when he went on a shooting rampage and killed several of his classmates. Sawyer, as angry in death as he was in life, hijacks Jake’s body to continue his killing spree beyond the grave. Jake can only be a passive observer as Sawyer’s spirit uses his body to murder an uncle who raped him. Jake can only regain control of his body by developing empathy for the deeply unsympathetic Sawyer, which Jake does by embracing his abilities as a medium. When Sawyer possesses Jake’s body, Jake has access to Sawyer’s consciousness and learns that Sawyer too was gay, brutalized by his father and ignored by his mother in life. Once Jake understands the source of Sawyer’s anger, he uses more masculine strategies to exorcise the vengeful spirit—Jake engages in an ethereal battle with Sawyer, ultimately banishing him to the world of the dead. The experience allows Jake to feel like a complete person, someone who is secure enough to come out to his mother and brother (who are both supportive) and start dating his first crush.

​Amazon has expanded and updated Duncan’s cast of characters: they are racially and sexually diverse and come from different classes. Meanwhile, the ubiquity of cell phones and security cameras in our world transforms Duncan’s 1973 tale from one about a stalker who is unrealistically good at surveilling his victims to a more believable story about the perils of living in a world where everyone can be watched through everyday technologies. The left-for-dead stalker of the Amazon series can spoof phone numbers to send threatening texts and hack phones and to leak people’s sex tapes to social media, quickly turning friends against each other when no one can be sure of who anyone really is. The stalker’s ability to use these technologies is akin to haunting in how it reveals secrets that the living would prefer to keep to themselves.  Too, in an age of mechanical reproduction, authenticity is no longer possible. This last idea is emphasized by the relationship between the person left-for-dead and the car’s driver, twin sisters Lennon and Allison respectively. At her father’s suggestion, Allison pretends to be her dead sister Lennon because Lennon was more likeable and above suspicion than her sister. Soon, Allison is no longer sure which sister she really is.
​
Instead of asking us to suspend disbelief, both of these narratives ask us to consider haunting in a new light. Ghosts aren’t so much abject Others as they are manifestations of ourselves.

Until next week.

For many years now, I have been running important ideas past Marshall George. Not only is he a YA literature expert trained by the legendary Ted Hipple, he has also be thoroughly involved English education through NCTE. He was the chair of ELATE quite a few years ago when it was still CEE. 

Over and over again our conversations prove to be rewarding.  In addition, Marshall is a regular contributor to Dr. Bickmore's YA Wednesday. It is worth your time to browse through the contributors' page to find some of this other posts.

Until next time.

It is time for your "Young Adult Literature to popular culture" connection! Angela Insenga is steeped in all kinds of connections between popular culture--music, television, film, documentary, and so many social media sharing formats. Every time I read something Angela writes I am amazed by her ability to make all of these connections. Her assignments are amazing and I often wonder if I could pull off some of them in my class--but it doesn't stop me from trying every once in awhile. 

Angela has been a frequent and productive contributor to Dr. Bickmore's YA Wednesday. To find a few more of her posts just browse through the Contributor's Page. Thanks Angela.

​In the era of “Devious Licks,” it may well be anathema to think about bringing anything related to TikTok into the classroom. And, with study of social media informing us of its addictive and purported degenerative powers, using it could raise hackles. However, I’m pairing Goldy Moldavsky’s novel Kill the Boyband with the documentary This is Us, which tells the "rags to riches" Algerian tale of the British-Irish sensation One Direction and is slickly directed by Morgan Spurlock. And then, instead of asking my students to turn in one more end-of-unit essay, I am asking my students to study TikTok creations within the real 1D fandom, gather data on how the one-minute chunks of film are put together and by whom, and come to conclusions about the (mostly) girlfans they encounter.  

In Goldy Moldavsky’s darkly humorous and satirical Kill the Boyband, the members of The Ruperts, each named Rupert, originally auditioned alone on So You Think the British Don’t Have Talent?,  each imagining a solo career in the music business. But all the boys were eliminated from competition. However, the boyband is born when the host looks out into the audience, sees myriad signs featuring the name “Rupert,”  and quips, “Seems like the Ruperts are getting a lot of love tonight!” At this moment, “a million lightbulbs went on over the heads of music execs,” and the boys were rockets into space, destined for stardom and inevitable commodification, their personalities narrowly and heteronormatively defined for millions of those who had only seen their tryout videos. Where there are boy band members, fangirls follow.  

The unnamed narrator of the novel defines and self-identifies as a new breed of fangirl, noting: 

It wasn’t enough anymore to send them fan mail and kiss the posters above our                                      
beds….you weren’t a true fan until you engaged in Twitter death threats and endless                               
stan wars [where fangirls]. . . .[wielded] Sharpies like weapons [and passed] the time by                                
discussing ambush tactics. . . [with another] Ruperts fangirl [whose] friendship [with                                  
other fans also] lived and breathed primarily in Twitter DMs and text messages.
​
In short, we learn from the ensemble of female protagonists, “just how important the internet was in all of [their] lives.” A virtue of the internet is that it can connect groups of likeminded individuals who spur each other onward, enrich each other’s lives, and share common obsessions. This virtue is also social’s vice, with which we contend daily. But why focus only on the decline when there are also positive results?

​The action in Kill the Boyband takes place on a single night at the “swankiest hotel in SoHo,” the Rondack. Superfans Erin, Isabel, Apple, and our unnamed narrator book a room here, right where The Ruperts are staying before performing their sold-out half-hour special, “Coming to America: The Ruperts Learn about Thanksgiving!” Instead of freezing outside at the barricades the city set up—though being a “barricade girl” is quite a feat, I have come to understand—the girls go inside, where the chances of running into a Rupert increase dramatically.  In their quest, they end up accidentally kidnapping Rupert Pierpont, the least-adored “ginger” Rupert whose only redeeming quality is that he can juggle. What follows is part comedy of errors, part searing critique of the music industry, and an examination of a weirdly maligned group: girls who stan bands.

If any of the book’s details sound familiar, you may have lived through the 2010s, when British-Irish boyband One Direction ruled pop music. After Simon Cowell plucked each solo boy from the group that did not make the cut on the British talent show The X Factor, their popularity soared. And even though they came in third place as a band, within five years, by 2020, the band sold an astonishing 70 million records worldwide. In their five-year run, 1D won seven Brit Awards, seven American Music Awards, five Billboard Music Awards, five Billboard Touring Awards, and four MTV Video Music Awards. Most importantly, the band won a record of 28 Teen Choice Awards after being nominated 31 times. By 2015, it was hard to turn a page, stand in a grocery checkout lane, walk through a school supplies section, a mall, peruse toothbrushes or teach an adolescent without seeing one of—if not all—of the boys’ faces.  And when I tell my students that 1D was bigger than The Beatles, they balk.  But they traveled to and performed in more countries and cities, expanding their fanbase and its rate of consumption, and they had the power of social media: YouTube, Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and Vine.  

It is at the juncture of Moldavsky’s critique of the music industry and the fangirl figure, the culture that so harshly dismisses fangirls them as “crazy,” and One Direction’s enduring fanbase that now resides largely online where my students and I are now situated. We moved from the fiction of the novel to the heavily mediated image of One Direction in This is Us to “real” fans on TikTok who, even now, are churning out intricately crafted videos or putting up slapdash ones because they are upset, excited, or angry. 

After studying Moldavsky’s fictional representation of The Ruperts stans—called the “Strepurs”—we move into the thriving niche of TikTok where Directioners dwell, making and remaking artistic chunks of film dedicated to One Direction or to one of the members. I ask my students to think about the critique of the music industry and fans in the novel as they begin to methodically examine TikToks organized under assigned hashtags (e.g., “#Nialler” for Niall Horan, “#Narry” for those who ship Harry and Niall, etc.). Using criteria I’ve suggested; in particular, I focus on the “rhetoric” of TikTok, on trends, and on ways in which recombinant TikToks critique or seek to answer others. Considering the purported fickle nature of teen girls, the 1D portion of TikTok bursts with energy and optimism, depression and exhilaration, and longing and having.  All of this, even though the band went on hiatus over six years ago. 

I chose this learning pathway for my students with hopes that they could further understand how social media in the hands of a dedicated fandom works and how foregrounding specific TikTok trends from girlfan creators leads us to complicate the rather prejudicial trope of the “crazy fangirl,” much like Moldavsky explodes the concept in her novel. TikTok, I hope to show them, is a (de)generative space, wherein a multitude of communities governed by hashtags exist. In these hyperreal groups, adolescents repeatedly demonstrate higher order thinking as they create videos using the platform’s mechanics—filters, voiceovers, snippets from films, and soundtracks. Each TikTok about 1D is added to an ever-widening web of texts that produce syncretic and longitudinal knowledge about the fandom and the object(s) of its affection. While TikTok allows for endless recombinant chunks of film, the trends also bear out that trends arise. For example, enduring beliefs that two members of the band dated, showcase the band’s time in the spotlight, (re)imagine a reunion, and artistically advertise every scintilla of news about the boys’ now flourishing solo careers. But there is more than recapitulation of adoration, the boys’ own contracted social media appearances, or concert footage. 

In their TikToks, girlfans of 1D are often philanthropists, raising money through a 5k or donating to charities favored by the members of the band. They are increasingly comfortable living in ambiguities, adapting happily to others’ chosen pronouns, sexual identities, and gender expressions. They create pointed, critical messages to other public people like Candace Owen, who in 2020 attempted to blast Harry Styles for wearing a dress as the first man to appear on the cover of Vogue, pleading with him and America to “Bring back manly men.” Fans profess Harry Styles' “Treat People with Kindness” mantra and mean it, as comment threads and monies to charities on his birthday evince. They profess that the friendships they’ve made with other fans mean more than anything to them--even more than the band itself. They also, in teary posts, sometimes leave the Neverland they’ve half-lived, half-created.  They go to college, get engaged, have children. And their social accounts, left as a kind of momento mori to their own girlhood, remain. 

In my YA class, then, study and discussion of Moldavsky’s satire in Kill the Boyband has become a conduit for study of real girls in a real fandom. In absence of 1D concerts and in a plague year wherein all members of One Direction canceled solo gigs, TikTok is, more than ever, a bastion for expression in a world that does not sanction the exhibition of female desire or hysteria. A girl falling to her knees when Niall Horan surprises her at a candy shop in Disneyland or a “Louie” claiming that he is “the actual sun” in her life is seen as unbalanced, while boys losing their minds over football, screaming at umpires ‘calls in the sixth inning, or being loud, obnoxious, or angry is seen as typical, even expected. On TikTok, girls who are fans are seen. They are heard. And that, it turns out, is the point. 1D TikTokkers, just like the young women in Moldavsky’s texts are super fans. They scream. They snipe. They love. They obsess. And, in the mix, I am finding, is their creation for our study, for our understanding of how YAL and social media connect, how both can be a place for authentic expression.

Until next time.